The El Niño and La Niña phenomena are parts of a natural climate cycle known as El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Here is a summary of each:
El Niño:
- This is the warm phase of the ENSO cycle.
- It occurs when the surface of the tropical Pacific Ocean warms more than normal.
- It can cause unusual and extreme weather patterns around the world.
- Often results in heavy rainfall along the western coasts of the Americas.
La Niña:
- This is the cold phase of the ENSO cycle.
- It is characterised by anomalous cooling of the surface waters of the central and eastern Pacific Ocean.
- It can have significant impacts on global climate, such as increasing the likelihood of snowfall in some regions and drought in others².
The NAO, or North Atlantic Oscillation, is another weather pattern that mainly affects the North Atlantic region and can influence the climate of Europe and North America. It is not directly related to ENSO, but the two can interact and affect global weather patterns...
Source:
Portillo, G. (2023, septiembre 6). Fenómeno La Niña: qué es, causas y consecuencias. ecologiaverde.com. https://www.ecologiaverde.com/fenomeno-la-nina-que-es-causas-y-consecuencias-4578.html
Costas, G. (2014, marzo 19). Fenómeno del Niño y la Niña. Ciencia y Biología. https://cienciaybiologia.com/fenomeno-de-el-nino-y-la-nina/.
BBC News Mundo. (2022, septiembre 5). Qué es el fenómeno del "triple episodio” de La Niña que ocurre por primera vez este siglo (y qué consecuencias puede tener). BBC. https://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-62802493
words: El Niño, La Niña, ENSO (El Niño-Southern Oscillation), North Atlantic Oscillation, Climate Change, Weather Patterns, Ocean Temperature, Ocean Currents, Environmental Impact, Climate Anomalies
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